Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Definite Articles in Spanish

Positive Articles in Spanish A positive article, called an artã ­culoâ definidoâ in Spanish, causes a thing to allude to a specific thing or things of its group. In English, the distinct articleâ is the. In Spanish, there are five different ways to state the. The four most regular Spanish unequivocal articles areâ el, la, los and las in Spanish. A fifth, less much of the time utilized unmistakable article,â lo,â is some of the time suitable. Unequivocal articles are additionally once in a while alluded to as positive determiners. Spanish and English have various guidelines with regards to when a distinct article is required or can be excluded. When all is said in done, Spanish frequently utilizes a clear article in situations where English doesn't. For instance, the English sentence, Mr. Earthy colored is rich, doesn't have the clear article the. A similar sentence converted into Spanish would be, Elâ seã ±or Brown es ​rico. ​In Spanish, the unequivocal article, el, is utilized. Understanding in Number and Gender In Spanish, number and sexual orientation have any kind of effect. Is the word plural or particular? It is safe to say that you are alluding to a male or female or manly or ladylike word? The Spanish unequivocal article must concur with the sexual orientation and number of the thing that follows it.â Manly Form of The The manly type of the is el if alluding to one thing, the particular type of the word. For instance, the feline is el gato. The manly and plural type of the, if alluding to more than one thing, would be los libros, which means, the books. Ladylike Form of The To state the when alluding to a particular thing that is viewed as a ladylike word, for instance, the word entryway in Spanish is viewed as a female word, puerta. Aâ speaker would state, la puerta, for the entryway. To pluralize the word, when alluding to more than one entryway, the correct type of the unmistakable article is, lasâ puertas. Utilization of Lo to Mean The Loâ can be utilized as a fix, which means not sexual orientation explicit, positive article before a descriptor to make a theoretical noun. For example,â loâ importante, means mean, the significant thing, or that which is significant. Constriction Using El English has numerous employments of constrictions, for example, isnt for isn't  or theyre for they are, mixing two words together to give meaning. In Spanish there are just two authority withdrawals in the whole language and the two of them include the unequivocal article, el.â The words an el structure the withdrawal al.â For a model, Ella va al auto, implies, She is setting off to the vehicle. A Spanish speaker would truly say, Ella vaâ a el auto. The compression al works all the more easily for this situation. The words de el structure the contractionâ del. An example, El libro es del profesor,â which truly means mean, the book is of the instructor, or all the more easily deciphered, the book is the educators. The contracted structure ofâ alâ usually intends to the andâ delâ usually methods for the.

Wednesday, July 29, 2020

Schizophrenia Treatment Medication, Therapy, and More

Schizophrenia Treatment Medication, Therapy, and More Schizophrenia Print How Schizophrenia Is Treated By Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP twitter linkedin Jodi Clarke, LPC/MHSP is a licensed professional counselor and mental health service provider with over 20 years of experience in the field. Learn about our editorial policy Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 28, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 Schizophrenia Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children In This Article Table of Contents Expand Medications Psychotherapy Invasive Procedures Complementary & Alternative Medicine Where to Find Treatment View All If you have been diagnosed with schizophrenia, you might be wondering what to do next. The great news is that there are a variety of treatment options available. An important part of this journey is to explore your options and begin treatment quickly after diagnosis. This can help get your healing and management process going sooner than later, bringing you a sense of direction and relief. Verywell / Cindy Chung   Medications Antipsychotic medications reduce the psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia and other mental illnesses, usually allowing a person to function more effectively and appropriately. The first generation of antipsychotic medications, known as typical antipsychotics, were introduced in the 1950s to treat psychosis.?? Antipsychotic drugs are the best treatment for schizophrenia right now, but they dont cure schizophrenia or ensure that there will be no further psychotic episodes. Dosages The choice and dosage of medication can be made only by a qualified physician who is well trained in the medical treatment of mental disorders. The dosage of medication is individualized for each patient, since people may vary a great deal in the amount of drug needed to reduce symptoms without producing troublesome side effects. It is important to be patient with yourself and your providers as you learn what works well for your personalized treatment. Side Effects Antipsychotic drugs can have unwanted effects along with their beneficial effects. Typical antipsychotics, which include drugs like Haldol and Thorazine, are known to increase the risk of extrapyramidal side effects, which affect movement and speech.?? Side effects of antipsychotic medications include: DrowsinessRestlessnessMuscle spasmsTremorDry mouthBlurred vision Most of these symptoms can be corrected by lowering the dosage or controlled by other medications. Different patients have different treatment responses and side effects to various antipsychotic drugs. Talk with your doctor about your experiences at each visit so they can better understand your responses to medications and make adjustments to help. Atypical Antipsychotics A number of new antipsychotic drugs (the so-called atypical antipsychotics) have been introduced since 1990. The first, clozapine (Clozaril), has been shown to be more effective than other antipsychotics, although the possibility of severe side effects requires that patients be monitored with blood tests every one or two weeks. After a year of stable white blood counts, blood can be drawn monthly.?? The newer antipsychotic drugs are safer regarding tardive dyskinesia (TD) â€" an involuntary movement disorder â€" but many of the atypical drugs are more likely to contribute to metabolic side effects such as weight gain, increased glucose and lipids. Atypical antipsychotics include the following: INVEGA (paliperidone): This option is available in three different formulationsâ€"an extended-release tablet and long-acting injectables (INVEGA SUSTENNA and INVEGA TRINZA)Risperdal (risperidone)Abilify (aripiprazole)Seroquel (quetiapine)Zyprexa (olanzapine) Concerns About Medication Patients and families sometimes become worried about the antipsychotic medications used to treat schizophrenia. In addition to concern about side effects, they may worry that such drugs could lead to addiction. Antipsychotic medications do not produce a high and are not habit-forming, nor do they lead to addictive behavior in people who take them. Another misconception about antipsychotic drugs is that they act as a kind of mind control  or a chemical straitjacket. Antipsychotic drugs used in the appropriate way do not knock out people or take away their free will. Compliance Making sure that you are taking your medications consistently can be referred to as medication compliance.?? As easy as it may sound to take medication regularly as scheduled, medication compliance is often one of the largest challenges of long-term treatment for schizophrenia. Because of these challenges, new treatment options have become available that help make it easier for people to take their medications as prescribed. Long-acting injectables (LAI) are given to patients through and injection.?? These injections can be given every few weeks to few months, which help people experience more consistent, long-term, symptom relief. Psychotherapy Therapy is an important part of treatment for schizophrenia. Often you will find that mental health professionals work closely with psychiatrists to help make sure treatment methods are effective. For example, when someones medication is working effectively, they are often better able to discuss and process during their therapy sessions. Individual Therapy One of the most researched models of therapy used in the treatment of schizophrenia is cognitive behavioral therapy, or CBT. This model of psychotherapy addresses the connection between thoughts and behaviors, helping people to learn more about how negative patterns of thought about themselves and the world influence their decision making. Since insights like this are not often present in those with schizophrenia, cognitive behavioral therapy can help clients gain a greater sense of empowerment in regulating their emotions and behaviors. Speaking openly and honestly with your doctor is a great first step in understanding and ultimately managing your symptoms. Schizophrenia Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF Family Therapy Unfortunately, family members are often uninformed about what the condition is and how to help a loved one through the treatment process. Family therapy can be a key component of the treatment process, since it can offer space for healing of family dynamics that may have been impacted by the condition. That time can also be used for gathering information about schizophrenia, how to navigate challenges together and how to better express and meet needs of all involved. Group Therapy Support from peers can be a wonderful addition to the treatment process. Group therapy is space that allows people to safely share their experiences with schizophrenia, the challenges they are facing and what seems to be helping. Sharing information and feedback helps to remove a sense of isolation that can often be experienced. They can also create meaningful connections with peers, learning how to develop and maintain relationships along the way. Social Skills Training Because they experience psychotic features such as delusions and hallucinations, it can feel unclear to the person what is real and what isnt. That same uncertainty can be felt with interpersonal relationships as well, creating unhealthy dynamics between themselves and others. Learning the building blocks of relationships can help people better navigate interpersonal dynamics in their family lives, their social circles and possibly even in work settings. How to Find the Best Therapist for Your Mental Health Invasive Procedures When existing treatment methods dont seem to be working effectively to help control symptoms, your doctor may suggest a procedure called deep brain stimulation. This is considered an invasive procedure because it involves surgery for the placement of neurostimulator. Electrical impulses are then able to be administered to certain parts of the brain through wired in that device that can help control symptoms without causing damage. Complementary Alternative Medicine Animal Assisted Therapy As with other conditions, animal assisted therapy (AAT) can help ease and manage some of the symptoms of schizophrenia. Anhedonia, which refers to not experiencing joy or pleasure, is a common symptom of schizophrenia.?? Research has found that, in trials using animal assisted therapy as part of treatment, patients rated higher levels of pleasurable feelings than those who did not participate in the animal assisted treatment group. Dietary Supplements Some nutritional supplements have been found to have a positive impact on symptoms experienced with schizophrenia. Although there are many factors continuing to be researched in this area, some of the vitamins and nutritional supplements that have been shown promising in the treatment protocol for schizophrenia have included things like: Vitamin BOmega-3 fatty acidsAmino acidsMelatoninAntioxidants It is important to note that, although the use of these supplements have shown promise in research, it is best to speak with your doctor before taking them to make sure you are not at risk for things like medication interactions or other things that could slow or stop your progress. CBD Oil Cannabidiol is an ingredient in the marijuana plant that has also shown promise in managing symptoms of schizophrenia. Some people may be worried that they will experience a high using CBD oil as you would smoking marijuana, but this is not true. The ingredient that would make you feel high and have that psychoactive component is called tetrahydrocannabinol or THC. THC is removed from CBD oil so you may experience relief from symptoms without worries about being in an altered state. Where to Find Treatment If you experience symptoms of schizophrenia it is best to speak with your doctor. They may want to do blood work and run tests to make sure the symptoms are not being caused by another medical condition. From there you can meet with a psychiatrist or other qualified mental health practitioner to discuss what you are experiencing. Keep in mind that you may need to be evaluated extensively to make sure that the diagnosis is accurate. This evaluation process involves meeting with you to talk about your experiences, as well as meeting with a spouse or other family members to gather collateral information. Find Help With One of the Best Online Therapy Programs Levels of Care Treatment can involve outpatient, intensive outpatient or residential treatment programs. The level of care that is best for your situation will be determined by the personal conducting your evaluation. There are trained professionals who specialize in the treatment of schizophrenia at each level of care. If you are unsure of where to find treatment providers, it is best to start by asking your doctor for local or regional referral options. A Word From Verywell It is important to be patient with yourself and your treatment team during this process. As much as we want the symptoms to subside, everyone has a different experience of what treatment methods work well for them and what doesnt seem to work well. Part of your treatment journey will be to explore and discover the methods that work best for you and your symptoms. Being compliant with your treatment plan is important for overall success. This means doing things like: Taking medication consistentlyAttending your appointments regularlyActively participating in counseling and group therapyLetting your doctor know what you are experiencingAsking your support group for help if neededBeing patient with yourself and your providersReminding yourself that this is a journey Even if the path feels challenging, remember there are plenty of things you can do to help the process go more smoothly. The main thing is to be patient and talk with your doctor about your experiences. They need to understand your symptoms in order to help develop a treatment plan that works well for you. Coping With Schizophrenia

Friday, May 22, 2020

The Utilization of Quetiapine in The Treatment of Bipolar Disorder - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 381 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/07/29 Category Medicine Essay Level High school Tags: Bipolar Disorder Essay Did you like this example? Quetiapine, also known for the trade name Seroquel and chemical name 2-[2-(4-dibenzo [b,f] [1,4]thiazepin-11-yl-1-piperazinyl)ethoxy]-ethanol fumarate, is an atypical antipsychotic, currently prescribed as a form of treatment for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. Quetiapine originally became available for treatment in 1997 in the United States and is still presently used as a form of first-line treatment (Riedel, Muller, Strassnig, Spellman, Severus, Moller, 2007). For patients of bipolar disorder, Quetiapine has established efficacy in the treatment of acute mania and depression. Specifically, Quetiapine has been utilized as both a monotherapy and an adjunctive therapy for adults and adolescents with bipolar disorder (Dando Keating, 2005). While the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder is quite ambiguous, the disorder is known for strong heritability, which has led to large bodies of research surrounding the genetic profile of the disorder. Specifically, the monoamine hypothesis and the hypothesis of low serotonergic function are cited as potential causes of depressive and manic episodes (Newberg, Catapano, Zarate, Manji, 2008). The hypothesis states that abnormalities of the noradrenergic, dopaminergic, and serotonergic systems are present in bipolar disorder. In the pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder, the dopamine D2 receptor is commonly blocked, in order to regulate dopaminergic systems. (Newberg et al., 2008). There is addition al evidence of low levels of plasma in the GABAergic system and elevated levels in the Glutamatergic system. The pathophysiology of bipolar disorder is also evidently connected to intracellular cascades, and specifically, reductions of volume in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and low glial cell density (Newberg et al., 2008). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Utilization of Quetiapine in The Treatment of Bipolar Disorder" essay for you Create order Quetiapine, in the treatment of bipolar disorder, is an antagonist of serotonin, dopamine, histamine, and norepinephrine. While the precise mechanism of action of quetiapine is unknown, the drug inhibits 5HT1A, 5HT2A, D1, D2, alpha 1, and alpha 2 receptors (Dando Keating, 2005). Quetiapine is taken orally, and is mainly metabolized in the liver. The drug reaches steady-state plasma levels within two days of dosage, and the half-life is close to 6 hours. The drug is usually administered twice daily with an effective dosage of 400 to 800 milligrams per day (Dando Keating, 2005). Quetiapine is well tolerated, however, patients may experience side effects such as weight gain, dry mouth, dizziness, sedation, constipation, vomiting, or headache. Quetiapine is highly efficacious in the reduction of manic and depressive symptoms in patients of Bipolar Disorder (Dando Keating, 2005).

Saturday, May 9, 2020

Things You Should Know About Term Paper Writing Service Superiorpapers

Things You Should Know About Term Paper Writing Service Superiorpapers Term Paper Writing Service Superiorpapers Ideas The absolute most important factor to keep in mind is that you're writing a research paper and not an essay! Using thoughtful words will certainly impress the reader by means of your creativity, intelligence, and intimate understanding of the research paper topic. The last area of the research paper would need to be the presentation of the findings followed by the limitation of the analysis and recommendations for future studies on the subject. The very first step in writing a research paper will need to be choosing your topic. Term Paper Writing Service Superiorpapers: the Ultimate Convenience! When it comes to price, the expert term paper writing service providers offer you a very affordable price that justifies the services offered. Exchanging money for more time, if you want my opinion, is a good deal! Collecting information is most likely the very firs t thing your teacher asks you to work on. Term papers on the internet is the best option for folks who aren't prepared to have dead loss of their time. Besides, the organization has implemented effective motivation strategy which is based on the current motivation theories. Our company provides customers from throughout the world with all probable varieties of academic writings, requirements and requirements. When you take up professional services, it is necessary to look for the very best company. Mainly, our services aren't just for the plagiarism detection and additionally for the reason of research troubles and solutions. How to Choose Term Paper Writing Service Superiorpapers The very first paragraph is going to be your scene setter for the story you are just about to tell in your paper. Although a particular analysis paper promotes a single area of study, it's possible to utilize it like a reference for multiple other fact-finding schemes. The introduction part has to be compactly written. The methodology ought to be indirectly involved with the opening part. There's, naturally, a limit on the variety of pages even our finest writers can produce with a pressing deadline, but usually, we can satisfy all the clients seeking urgent assistance. Usually it's required to compose a term paper at the conclusion of each semester, obviously, depending upon your academic institution. Good job positions need decent payment. The growth of salary amount has to be sensible for an employee. The Key to Successful Term Paper Writing Service Superiorpapers College term papers are far more complex than a normal school essay. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. They must also include all scope of the study in the introduction part. Ultimately, a student will have planned notes to utilize in creating a paper. The History of Term Paper Writing Service Superiorpapers Refuted In addition to that, you want to abide b y the rules of qualitative source citations. Surely, in your research paper you might want to use some unusual terms or references which are not familiar to the overall audience. If each one of the sudden, you hear the expression plagiarism you might get confused. Your term papers will consist of brisk fresh thoughts and one of a kind thoughts. Term Paper Writing Service Superiorpapers: No Longer a Mystery Writing an excellent research paper depends upon the wisdom of students and on the crystal clear comprehension of students on particular topic. Undoubtedly, it might be little difficult to make one as unique without so much as coping an individual notion of others. Therefore, the absence of technical and analytical skills in writing in addition to research skills affects the standard of an assignment negatively. Pick the reasonably priced research writing service Students, who want to find decent research writing service free of charge, might think about dropping the idea. Make sure you check the research paper for plagiarism utilizing special software or internet websites. With the usage of a research paper, you're able to adequately sustain different forms of information acquisition by doing simple referencing and analysis writing. You simply have to indicate your individual data and paper feature in the purchase form. With higher speed and accuracy, you may easily study your document's similarity within a couple of seconds. Key Pieces of Term Paper Writing Service Superiorpapers Before beginning writing the paper, determine what you already know and what it is you are looking forward to learn. Hence, it's best in the interest of the student to split the particulars of their paper with the support team as quickly as possible so the work can be started. The expert writing agencies deal with how they deliver the projects in a particular time so the students may secure the opportunity to go through it. Due to our term paper support, you'll h ave extra time to study what it is that you're really interested in, and your order will be prepared in the stipulated time frame. The Hidden Truth About Term Paper Writing Service Superiorpapers As a result, if you ordering in term paper support, attempt to study all material in the expression paper and make sure you understand everything completely. To start with, you need to remember that a research paper is an official paper. If you're thinking of purchasing a customized term paper, we will be happy to aid you compose a professional paper. Each ordered term paper is done by a specialist in their area. You should keep in mind that the thesis statement is normally a kind of introduction to the assigned subject issue. Critical theory is a social theory that's concentrated not just on understanding or explaining the men and women conduct but on altering the society also. There's nothing impossible for all of us to do, so make sure to receive a remarkable semester paper, whi ch will bring you nothing but success. Term papers are a rather important job to get completed with and having the right sort of help in doing so only increases the successful outcome of it that is being expected by the individuals who hire such services. Writing a thesis demands deep wisdom and pro-level research abilities. Evaluation is a significant part of educational course of action. Programming Assignment Help features service to assist you with your intricate tasks.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Adventures Assignment 1 Free Essays

The American University in Cairo School of Business Department of Management MOIS 508 DR. Sami Akabawy Spring 2012 Assignment #1 (Chap. 1,2 3) Hadil Kamel 900-04-0195 Chapter 1: * Why would Carl Williams ask a non-technical manager to assume the CIO position? * For a CIO to be successful, especially at times when IT presents a problem area, he or she has to have more than just solid IT background. We will write a custom essay sample on Adventures Assignment 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The CIO needs to have good management skills; they need to be a fixer. Jim Barton has the required management skills, he is considered as a great manager at IVK; he also had a lot of ideas regarding how IT should be run, and he used to critic Davies, the former CIO, on how to do his job. Therefore, he was a good candidate for this position because the company actually needed a good manager not a good technical. * If you were Jim Barton, would you take the job? * Yes, I would take the job. It is definitely a great challenge for someone with no IT background to become the CIO; however, a good manager should be able to run the business without having the deep knowledge of the matter. I would get the required background through research and learning. * What do the IVK Corporation exhibits tell you about the current state of the company? Given this information, what does IVK need from a new management team under CEO Carl Williams? * IVK statements show that the company has grown recently; however, it was not well planned and that is showing in the huge increase in the operating expenses. This growth was not done efficiently which lead to the decrease in net income despite the increase in total service revenue. The new management team should focus on making proper planning as well as new strategies that focus on managing the operations and resources efficiently and effectively in order to decrease the operating expense and increase the net income. Chapter 2: * How do you interpret the kid’s advice, â€Å"You’ve got to know what you don’t know†? * I think what the phrase means is that in order to become a good leader, you have to know your capabilities and your deficiencies and to be honest with yourself, especially when embarking on a new job you have to position yourself correctly and to give good impression to your employees. You have to know what is it that you lack and either try to learn about it or search for ways that your team could cover for the capabilities that you lack. The kid mainly meant that you can’t over-estimate yourself and like some managers do assume that you know everything about the matter, but rather admit your lack of knowledge in some areas and work on it. * How do you think Davies got fired? How likely it is that Barton will be fired within the year? * I think Davies didn’t have a strong connection with the CEO and his business peers, which lead to a communication problem between the management team and the IT department. I think he may also lack the business skills and competencies. * I think as a successful manager, Barton will be able to handle his job well. With his good managerial capabilities he will be able to develop good collaboration between the technologists and the management team; as well as enhancing and maintaining relationships with other business leaders. * What kind of questions should Barton be asking of CIOs, analysts, investors, customers and other IT movers and shakers? How should he prioritize and organize these meetings? For the CIOs: His questions should be focusing on the nature of the job, the key roles of CIO and the depth of technical knowledge required. * For the analysts: His questions should be on the IT impact on a company’s development. * For the investors and customers: His questions should be about their views on the service the company provides and how to improve it. * I think he should first meet with the CIOs to be able to understand his role and responsib ilities, then with the analysts, then the investors and customers. Chapter 3: Do you think IT management is different from management of other functions? * Yes I think IT management differs from other functions because in It technology moves fast, and you can’t keep up with the fast growing technology that everyday something new is coming up and you always have to be up to dated. Although IT managers were experts in their fields and knew the details about it, new technology comes along and the technical workers are the one who know the details about it and become experts in it to a level that their managers can’t reach. On the other hand, in other functions, the manager can do the job of anyone in his department as well as any of his employees. * What did Barton learn from his trip to the bookstore and late night of studying? * After his trip to the bookstore and late night of studying, Barton realized he can’t get to know in depth everything; it is too much to grasp. * What depth of IT understanding must a CIO leader have to be effective? * The CIO must have enough IT understanding that would give a general background on the matter to be able to assign who knows and does what in his team. How to cite Adventures Assignment 1, Essay examples

Wednesday, April 29, 2020

The Eagle Has Landed Essays - Apollo Program,

The Eagle Has Landed The Eagle Has Landed The Apollo missions sponsored by the National Aeronautics Space Administration, hereafter referred to as NASA, has had a huge impact on our nation as well as our world. The Apollo missions sent humans to orbit, study, research and even walk on Earth's only natural satellite, the Moon. The desire to get to the Moon sprouted from a fierce and scary time in our nations history, the Cold War with Russia. The ?Race for Space?, as it came to be known, was of dire importance to the United States and forever changed and strengthened our nation. After World War 2 the United States came into a bitter Cold War with Communist Russia. The Cold War was an intense period of unrest and political warfare between two powerful nations, the U.S. and Russia. After the real war the US and Russia were in a bitter struggle with each other for world power. Each nation began racing to arms, including nuclear weapons, and racing to gain technology. Each country had hopes of ?breaking' the others bank and securing the position of power over the other country. The space race was a big part of the Cold War. ?It was a race to dominate the world, to decide whether American style democracy or Russian style communism would be Earth's predominate political philosophy,? (Schefter 12). On Friday October 4, 1957 the Soviet Union launched an artificial satellite, Sputnik, into orbit around the Earth (Schefter 21). Many Americans feared that the Soviets were winning the ?race for space' and pushed for the United States to do something fast, before it was too late. ?The impact of a Russian conquest in space was cataclysmic,? (Schefter 6). The U.S. had to get the moon, and they had to get it quick. ?In 1961, President John F. Kennedy proclaimed that it would be a U.S. national goal to put a man on the Moon, and bring him safely back to Earth by 1970,? (Pasachoff 139). And so the Apollo missions began. The overall goal of the NASA sponsored missions was to provide data about the geography and physical make-up of the moon as well as to have a human being walk on the moon. There were a total of seventeen different missions to orbit or land on the moon, Apollo 1 through Apollo 17. ?On the night of July 20, 1969, two Americans walked on the moon,? (Chaikin vii). The first Apollo mission, Apollo 1 was attempted in on January 27 of 1967. It was meant to be an engine test for the Apollo type spacecraft. The cabin of the spacecraft was filled with pure oxygen, proving to be disastrous for the astronauts aboard. There was a flash fire in the cockpit of the command module and the oxygen caused an explosion (Chaikin 13-18). The veteran astronauts killed were Gus Grissom, Edward White, and Roger B. Chaffee. It was the first set of tragic deaths experienced by NASA. Apollo 2-7 were manned space flights that orbited the Earth. Their primary objective was to test the Apollo type spacecraft for future lunar projects. The Apollo 8 was the first manned orbit of the moon. The Apollo 8, 9, and Apollo 10 missions had a goal to orbit the moon and photograph possible landing sites for later missions. It is also important to realize that nobody on Earth even knew what the surface of the moon would be like. ?The surface properties of the moon were largely unknown in 1958, a matter which assumed great practical importance when man's first journeys to the Moon began to take shape,? (Cortright 81). With the help of the Apollo 8 and 10 missions NASA was able to predict a proper landing site, providing that the moon wouldn't swallow up the spacecraft. The Apollo 10 mission ?simulated lunar landing with the lunar module,? (Apollo 10 3). The main objective of the two missions were to locate a safe landing destination and provide important information about tracking systems for the Apollo type spacecraft. The Apollo 10 mission ?was a ?dress-rehearsal' for the first lunar landing,? (Apollo 10 4). The Apollo 11 spacecraft named The Eagle landed on the moon one evening in July. Chaikin writes the famed